以生物合成为基础的红霉素A的产量提高和结构改造

Biosynthesis-based production improvement and structure modification of erythromycin A

红霉素A是一种广谱大环内酯类抗生素,在临床上应用广泛。其生物合成包括由聚酮合酶催化的十四元环骨架形成,以及羟基化、糖基化、甲基化后修饰。基于对红霉素A生物合成机制的认识,可以对产生菌种进行定向的遗传操作,达到产量提高和结构改造等目的。本文综述了近年来在红霉素A高产菌株改造和化学结构衍生方面所取得的研究进展,为相关研究人员提供参考。

Erythromycin A is a clinically important macrolide antibiotic with broad-spectrum activity. Its biosynthesis involves the formation of the 14-membered skeleton catalyzed by polyketide synthases, and the modification steps such as hydroxylation, glycosylation and methylation. Based on the understanding of the biosynthetic mechanism, it is reliable to genetically manipulate the erythromycin A-producing strain for production improvement and structure modification. In this paper, we reviewed the progress regarding erythromycin A in high-producing strain construction and chemical structure derivation, to provide insights for further development.