稻田防侧渗措施对水稻生产灌溉用水的减量效果

Effect of side leakage-preventing measure on decrement of irrigation water for rice production

研究了稻田防侧渗措施对水稻生产灌溉用水的减量效果以及在基本不影响水稻单产前提下的减灌可行性。结果表明:在防侧渗试验区氮肥用量仅为大田对照的约70%前提下,灌溉标准与大田对照相同的全灌处理,4年平均产量达到9.4 t/hm^2,单产显著高于大田对照,实际灌溉次数和总量较大田对照均减少了50%以上,说明稻田防侧渗措施可大幅度地提高灌溉水利用效率却不降低单产。不同灌溉量对水稻单产的影响研究表明,稻田采用防侧渗措施后,在较传统稻田大幅度降低灌溉用水量的基础上,还有一定的减灌空间,其中的减灌30%(70%灌)处理虽然4年平均产量有所降低,并达到了显著水平,但减产幅度相对较小。

The irrigation water decrement and its feasibility without influencing per unit area rice yield were studied by taking a side leakage-preventing measure in paddy fields.The experimental results showed that in the conditions of approximately 70% nitrogen fertilizer rate of the conventional paddy field and the same irrigation standard as the conventional paddy field,the 4-year average rice yield was 9.4 t/hm2 by taking the measure,the per unit area rice yield was significantly higher than that of the conventional paddy field without the measure,and both irrigation times and water amount reduced by 50% or more in comparison with the conventional paddy field, which indicated that taking the measure could largely improve the water use efficiency without reducing the per unit area yield.The research on the effect of irrigation water amount on per unit area yield showed that on the ba-sis of large decrement of irrigation water due to taking the measure,the water amount could further be decreased because in further 30% derement treatment of irrigation water the 4-year average yield somewhat decreased and the decrease was significant but relatively small.