明初青花料“苏麻离青”与“苏浡泥青”及相关称谓的考察

Investigation on the Blue and White Material “Su Ma Li Qing”&“Su Bo Ni Qing” and Relevant Appellation in the Early Ming Dynasty

中国陶瓷发展史上最突出的一项成就,即是青花的出现。本文探讨元明所用的青花料,先找出历代有关青花料的文献记载,以代表明初青料此二词"苏麻离青"、"苏勃泥青"来探索,然后对比与科技考古研究结果。通过考察得知,明初"苏麻离青"和"苏勃泥青",这两个称谓不是同一词的异译,而是同时代不同的南洋古国作为两个词及代表青花料,也反映了郑和开辟远航时代的历史,标志着"先后七奉使,所历占城、爪哇、真腊、旧港……凡三十余国"历史情况。

The appearance of blue and white was one of the most outstanding achievements in the development of Chinese ceramic history. The blue and white material used in Yuan and Ming Dynasty was discussed in this paper. Literature about blue and white material of various dynasties was found out so as to explore ＂Smaltum＂ and ＂Su Bo green mud＂ which represented the material of early Ming Dynasty. Then the result was compared with archaeological science research. Through the investigation, it was found that the tides of ＂Smaltum＂ and ＂Su Bo green mud＂ in early Ming Dynasty were not the same meaning, but two words represented blue and white material during the same period of Nanyang ancient civilization, also reflected the history of Zheng He voyage times, marking historical situation of seven voyages to thirty countries like Zhancheng Zhuawa Zhenla Jiugang and etc.