超声评价老年恒河猴颈动脉和腹主动脉结构及血流动力学变化

Ultrasound evaluation of structural and hemodynamic changes of carotid arteries and abdominal aorta in aged rhesus monkeys

目的应用超声评价成年及老年恒河猴颈动脉和腹主动脉的形态结构及血流动力学的变化情况,并筛选评价实验动物早期动脉硬化的敏感指标。方法将26只健康恒河猴按年龄分为老年组20只和成年组6只,麻醉状态下对双侧颈动脉及腹主动脉行超声检测。结果恒河猴老年组颈总动脉收缩期最大管径(Ds)、舒张期最小管径(Dd)及内-中膜厚度与Dd比值,颈总动脉窦部Dd、颈内动脉Dd均增大,椎动脉Ds减少;颈总动脉、颈总动脉窦部及颈内动脉僵硬度、弹性系数均增高,顺应性均降低,与恒河猴成年组比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。颈总动脉Dd、收缩期峰值血流速度、顺应性及内-中膜厚度与Dd比值,颈动脉窦部顺应性,椎动脉平均血流速度与年龄有较强相关性(│r│≥0.6,P<0.05)。结论超声可以评价老年恒河猴颈动脉和腹主动脉的形态结构及血流动力学的变化情况,其中颈总动脉Dd、收缩期峰值血流速度和顺应性可作为超声早期评价实验动物动脉硬化的敏感指标。

Objective To evaluate younger age and older age rhesus monkeys carotid artery and abdominal aorta in morphological structure and hemodynamics using ultrasonography, and screen sensitive indicator of early atheroscterosis. Methods Twenty-six healthy rhesus monkeys were divided into older age group and younger age group. Bilateral carotid arteries and abdominal aorta were examinated using ultrasonography under anesthesia.Results Compared with younger age group, common carotid artery systolic and diastolic diameters,ratio of intima-media thick ness and systolic diameter,carotid sinus diastolic diameter and internal carotid systolic diameter increased, and vertebral artery diastolic diameter reduced in older age group. Stiffness index and elastic modulus of common carotid artery, carotid sinus and internal carotid artery were higher while arterial compliance was lower in older age group（ all P〈0.05 ）. Systolic diameter, peak systolic velocity, arterial compliance of common carotid artery, ratio of intima-media thick ness and systolic diameter, arterial compliance of carotid sinus and mean flow velocity of vertebral artery had strong correlation with age（ ｜ r ｜≥0.6, P〈0.05）.Conclusion Changes of morphological structure and hemodynamics of rhesus monkey carotid artery and abdominal aorta can be assessed using ultrasonography. Systolic diameter, peak systolic velocity, arterial compliance of common carotid artery can be as sensitive indicators of early atherosclerosis.