大鼠深低温停循环模型的建立

Establishment of rat models of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest

目的 探讨建立大鼠深低温停循环模型的可行性。方法 20只SD大鼠采用经右颈外静脉、右股静脉插管引流,右颈内动脉插管灌注建立体外循环（cardiopulmonary bypass,CPB）,直肠温度降为16~18℃停循环30min。术中监测平均动脉压、心电监护和CPB前、CPB 15min、CPB 75min和CPB后30min时血气分析情况。结果 20只大鼠均顺利建立体外循环模型,实验过程中血流动力学稳定;大鼠CPB 15、75min时p（O2）[（60.38±3.06）、（51.34±2.79）kPa]明显高于CPB前[（25.27±2.26）kPa]（P〈0.01）,CPB 15、75min时和CPB后30min时红细胞压积[（23.00±1.60）%、（24.00±1.00）%、（27.80±3.10）%]明显低于CPB前[（40.30±2.50）%]（P〈0.01）;大鼠CPB 15、75 min时心率[（230.00±10.00）、（198.00±8.00）次/min）,平均动脉压[（65.00±8.10）、（68.00±4.90）mm Hg]、肛温[（28.40±0.80）、（25.10±0.60）℃]明显低于CPB前[（333.00±15.00）次/min）,（90.10±6.50）mm Hg,（37.80±0.40）℃]（P〈0.01）;CPB前、后pH值、p（CO2）、K＋和碱剩余比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;停机后心血管和呼吸功能恢复顺利。结论 右颈外静脉、右股静脉插管引流,经右颈内动脉插管灌注可成功建立大鼠深低温停循环模型,具有简单、经济、实用的特点。

Objective To explore the feasibity of the establishment of rat models of deep hypothemic circulation arrest （DHCA）. Methods Twenty male SD rats were anaesthetized while maintaining spontaneous ventilation. The right carotid artery, right jugular vein and left femoral vein were cannulated for cardiopulmonary bypass （CPB）. All rats were kept the rectal temperature at 16 to 18℃ for 30 minutes, and were analyzed the intraoperative mean arterial pressure （MAP）, electrocardiographic monitoring and arterial blood gas before CPB, 15 min after beginning of CPB, 75 rain after beginning of CPB and 30 min after CPB, respectively. Results The CPB models were successfully established in 20 rats, with stable hemodynamic level. The levels of p（O2） at 15 and 75 rain after beginning of CPB （（60.38±3.06）, （51.34±2.79） kPa） were significantly higher than that before CPB （（25.27±2.26） kPa） （P〈0.01）. The hematocrit levels at 15 min after beginning of CPB （（23.00±1. 60）%）, 75 rain after beginning of CPB （（24.00±1.00）%） and 30 rain after CPB （（27.80±3.10）%） were significantly lower than that before CPB （（40.30±2.50）%） （P〈0.01）. The heart rates （（230.00±10.00）, （198.00±8.00） beat/min）, the mean arterial pressures （（65.00±8.10）, （68.00±4.90） mm Hg） and rectal temperatures （（28.40±0.80） ,（25.10±0.60）℃） were significantly lower at 15 and 75 min after beginning of CPB than those before CPB （（333.00±15.00） beat/min, （90.10±6.50） mm Hg, （37.8±0.40）℃） （P〈0.05）. There were no significant difference in pH, p（CO2）, K＋ and base excess between before and after CPB （P〉0.05）. After CPB was stopped, cardiovascular and respiratory functions recovered. Conclusion The DHCA rat models of CPB are successfully established, with simple, economical and practical characteristics.