嫦娥三号软着陆控制研究

Control Strategy Research for Chang-e III Soft-landing Trajectory

嫦娥三号于2013年12月2日成功发射,在预定着陆区虹湾区实现我国首次月球的软着陆。在受力、地形等因素的影响下,对嫦娥三号的软着陆轨迹进行控制研究,在主减速阶段和避障阶段建立了月心坐标系和月面坐标系,利用角动量守恒和机械能守恒确定着陆准备轨道近月点和远月点的位置以及速度。以燃料消耗最少为目标函数,在初、末条件的约束下,分析探测器受力,实现主减速的控制。以燃料消耗最少和着陆位置的平整度为指标控制嫦娥三号避障阶段的状态、路径。

In 2013, CE-3 was successfully launched on Dec 2, which was schedule to land at Rainbow Bay in order to realize the first soft landing to moon. Mainly for the main deceleration phase and avoidance phase, we control the track to the moon surface with influence of gravitation and terrain. In coordinates on the moon heart and surface,ener-gy conservation law and conservation of momentum law are used to solve the speed and position both of perilune and apolune when CE-3 is in prepare landing track. With minimum fuel consumption treated as the objective function and initial and final state the constraint function, the main deceleration phase is controlled while CE-3 affected by forces. In avoidance phase,CE-3’s state and track are determined by fuel consumption and flatness of the landing location.