5种添加剂对黄颡鱼生长性能、体成分及血清生化指标的影响

Effects of Five Additives on Growth Performance,Body Composition and Serum Biochemical Indices of Yellow Catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)

本试验旨在研究在以鱼粉、豆粕、棉籽粕和双低菜籽粕为蛋白质源的实用饲料中分别添加复合核苷酸、植酸酶、复合酶制剂、芽孢杆菌及包膜赖氨酸+包膜蛋氨酸对黄颡鱼生长性能、体成分及血清生化指标的影响。以含26%鱼粉、32%豆粕、10%棉籽粕和10%双低菜籽粕的饲料为基础饲料(对照组,G0),在基础饲料中分别添加400mg/kg复合核苷酸(G1)、1 000U/kg植酸酶(G2)、400 mg/kg复合酶制剂(G3)、3×109 CFU/kg芽孢杆菌(G4)及20 400 mg/kg包膜赖氨酸+2 200mg/kg包膜蛋氨酸(G5),配制5种添加饲料。选用初始体重为(1.02±0.01)g的黄颡鱼720尾,随机分成6组,每组4个重复,每个重复30尾鱼,分别投喂基础饲料和5种添加饲料。养殖期为8周。结果显示:1)各添加组(G1、G2、G3、G4和G5)的增重率和特定生长率均显著高于G0(P<0.05),其中G4最高;各添加组的饲料系数均低于G0,且G2、G3和G4与G0的差异达到显著水平(P<0.05),其中G4最低;各添加组的蛋白质效率均高于G0,且G2、G3、G4和G5显著升高(P<0.05),其中G4最高;G4的肝体比显著高于G0、G1和G2(P<0.05)。2)全鱼干物质、粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量各组间均无显著差异(P>0.05),但G3和G4全鱼粗灰分含量显著高于G1(P<0.05)。3)血清白蛋白、总蛋白、葡萄糖、尿素氮及甘油三酯含量各组间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。由此得出,在以鱼粉、豆粕、棉籽粕和双低菜籽粕为蛋白质源的实用饲料中分别添加复合核苷酸、植酸酶、复合酶制剂、芽孢杆菌及包膜赖氨酸+包膜蛋氨酸均能提高黄颡鱼的生长性能,其中添加芽孢杆菌的效果最佳。

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of the practical diet containing fish meal, soybean meal, cottonseed meal and double low rapeseed meal as the protein sources, added with compound nucleotide, phytase, compound enzyme preparation, Bacillus and coated lysine＋coated methionine, respectively, on the growth performance, body composition and serum biochemical indices of yellow catfish （Pelteobagrus fulvidraco）. A basal diet contained 26% fish meal, 32% soybean meal, 10% cottonseed meal and 10% double low rapeseed meal, while the other five adding diets were prepared in the basal diet added with 400 mg/kg compound nucleotide, 1 000 U/kg phytase, 400 mg/kg compound enzyme preparation, 3×10^9 CFU/kg Bacillus, 20 400 mg/kg coated lysine＋2 200 mg/kg coated methionine, respectively. A total of 720 yellow catfish with an initial body weight of （ 1.02±0.01 ） g were randomly divided into six groups and each group had four replicates and 30 fish in each replicate. The fish in those six groups were fed the basal diet and the five adding diets, and named GO （ control group）, G1, G2, G3, G4 and G5, respectively. At the end of 8-week feeding trial, the results showed as follows： weight gain rate （WGR） and specific growth rate （SGR） were significantly higher in all adding groups （G1, G2, G3, G4 and G5） than those in GO （P〈0.05）, G4 being the best. Feed conversion rate （FCR） was lower in all adding groups than that in GO and it in G2, G3 and G4 was significant （P〈0.05）, G4 being the best. Protein efficiency ratio （PER） was higher in all adding groups than that in GO and it in G2, G3, G4 and G5 was significant （P〈0.05）, G4 being the best. The hepatopancreas somatic index （HSI） in G4 was significantly higher than that in G0, G1 and G2 （P〈0.05）. 2） There were no significant differences in whole-body dry matter, crude protein, and crude lipid contents among all groups （P〉 0.05）, but the whole-body ash content in G3 and G4 was significantly higher than that in G1 （P〈0.05）. 3 ） There were no significant differences in serum total protein, albumin, glucose, urea and triglycerides contents among all groups （P〉0.05）. The results indicate that addition of compound nucleotide, phytase, compound enzyme preparation, Bacillus and coated lysine＋coated methionine to the diet containing fish meal, soybean meal, cottonseed meal and double low rapeseed meal as the protein sources can improve the growth performance of yellow catfish, and the Bacillus addition has the best effect.