基于灰色关联分析方法评价13种野生兜兰的迁地保护适应性

Adaptability Evaluation of Ex Situ Conservation of Thirteen Wild Paphiopedilum Species by Gray-Correlation Analysis

由于过度收集和对原生境地的破坏,我国野生兜兰已濒临灭绝,对其进行迁地保护十分必要。通过对引种的13种40份野生兜兰资源进行迁地栽培,并观测兜兰种质在迁移地的各种生长性状指标等,本研究利用灰色关联分析方法评价13种兜兰的迁地适应性,分析影响其迁地保护的关键因素。结果表明：（1）带叶兜兰、同色兜兰、长瓣兜兰、文山兜兰适应性较强,与理想种的关联度均在0.8以上;巨瓣兜兰、白花兜兰、小叶兜兰、紫纹兜兰、紫毛兜兰、硬叶兜兰适应性一般,与理想种的关联度在0.7~0.8之间;麻栗坡兜兰、杏黄兜兰、红旗兜兰适应性较差,与理想种的关联度均在0.6以下;（2）不同兜兰种类、同一种类不同产地兜兰种质的迁地生长适应性不同,来源地和栽培温度可能是影响其迁地保护的关键因子。

Wild Paphiopedilum species are under threat of extinction due to over-collection and loss of suitable habitats. Ex situ conversation is an effective approach for Paphiopedilum germplasm preservation. The adaptability of 13 Paphiopedilum species were evaluated by gray-correlation analysis based on botanical characteristics including plant morphology and growth situation. The main factors affecting ex situ conservation are discussed. Results showed that the most suitable species for ex situ conservation in Nanning, Guangxi were P. hirsu- tissimum, P. concolor, P. dianthum, and P. wenshanense because their correlation coefficients to the ideal species were higher than 0.8; the adaptabilities of P. bellatulum, P. emersonfi, P. barbigerum, P. purpuratum, P. villosum, and P. micranthum were intermediate; while the remaining three species exhibited low adaptability as they could not flower and their correlation coefficients were lower than 0.6. Adaptability differed between different species or the same species from a different origin, and temperature of the germplasm garden may be the main factor affecting ex situ conservation.