角质形成细胞抗原提呈功能的研究进展

Antigen-presenting function of keratinocytes

角质形成细胞不仅形成机体的物理屏障,同时具有重要的免疫功能.角质形成细胞在一些疾病状态下或者直接受到干扰素γ等细胞因子的刺激后,可以表达抗原提呈相关分子,如主要组织相容性复合体Ⅱ、细胞间黏附分子1等,同时主要组织相容性复合体Ⅰ也会发生改变.有研究表明,活化后的角质形成细胞可以加工并提呈内源性或外源性抗原,进一步活化抗原特异性T淋巴细胞.角质形成细胞的这一功能对阐明相关皮肤病的发病机制及作出针对性的靶向治疗具有重要意义.但同经典的抗原提呈细胞相比,角质形成细胞发挥抗原提呈功能可能还存在着一定的局限性.

Keratinocytes not only form physical barriers,but also have important immunologic functions.They can express antigen presentation-related molecules （such as major histocompatibility complexclass Ⅱ （MHC-Ⅱ） and intercellular adhesion molecule-1） with changes of MHC-Ⅰ levels,in some disorders or after stimulation by cytokines such as interferon-γ.In addition,some studies have indicated that activated keratinocytes can process＆#39; and present endogenous or exogenous antigens to activate antigen-specific T-lymphocytes.This function of keratinocytes is of great significance in elucidating the pathogenesis of related skin diseases and developing specific targeted therapy.Compared with classical antigen-presenting cells,the antigen-presenting function of keratinocytes is somewhat limited.