真皮黑素细胞的研究进展

Advances in dermal melanocytes

真皮干细胞具有增殖和多向分化的潜能,角质形成细胞通过表达Wnt3a和E钙黏素来诱导真皮干细胞移行和分化为黑素细胞.研究表明,在黑素细胞形成过程中,真皮黑素细胞与表皮黑素细胞依赖的信号通路明显不同,表皮黑素细胞高度依赖干细胞因子信号通路,而真皮黑素细胞高度依赖内皮素3和肝细胞生长因子信号通路.目前关于色素痣痣细胞的来源尚不清楚,有研究认为,痣细胞来源于能分化为黑素细胞的干细胞,真皮干细胞能分化为黑素细胞,是否是痣细胞的来源尚需进一步研究.

Dermal stem cells （DSCs） have great proliferation and multidirectional differentiation potential.Keratinocytes can induce DSCs to migrate and differentiate into melanocytes by expressing Wnt-3a and E-cadherins.Researches have indicated that the generation of dermal and epidermal melanocytes is dependent on different signaling pathways.More concretely,epidermal melanocyte generation is highly dependent on the stem cell factor （SCF） signaling pathway,while dermal melanocyte generation on the endothelin 3 （ET3） and hepatocyte growth factor （HGF） signaling pathways.The origin of nevus cells in pigmented nevus is not yet clear.Some studies suggest that nevus cells may derive from the stem cells which can differentiate into melanocytes.DSCs can differentiate into melanocytes,but further research is needed to determine whether they are the source of nevus cells.