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艰难梭菌的诊断及耐药基因研究进展

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摘要 艰难梭菌是一种厌氧的革兰阳性芽孢杆菌,属于条件致病菌,当艰难梭菌大量增殖并释放毒素,可导致艰难梭菌感染(Clostridium difficile infection,CDI).该菌的主要传播形式是芽孢,其对多种抗菌药物和消毒剂有很强的抵抗力,可反复感染,复发率高达20%.随着广谱抗生素的大量使用,全球范围内CDI发生率不断增高,逐渐引起临床医务工作者的关注和重视.1998至2009年,美国CDI的住院人次从25 200增加到110 600,增长达4倍,严重程度和死亡率也有所增加.虽然在亚洲地区报道的CDI感染率远低于世界平均水平,但近年来在临床分离的艰难梭菌耐药株逐渐增加,且可以检测到相应抗菌药物的耐药基因[1].因此,对CDI的早期诊断、早期治疗应该引起足够重视.本文就艰难梭菌的实验室诊断、临床诊断及耐药基因的检测进行综述.
出处 《中华儿科杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2015年第7期549-551,共3页 Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
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