一种考虑吸引型异常事件的行人元胞自动机模型

A Cellular Automata Model Considering Attractive Incidents

鉴于目前行人元胞自动机仿真研究中对于吸引型异常事件情况下模型的缺失,本文提出了一种特殊的考虑吸引型异常事件的行人元胞自动机模型.当异常事件发生后,模型将行人分为漠视、驻足、围观和围观离开四种类型.漠视类型指对异常事件毫无兴趣,不受异常事件影响的行人,其动力特性与行人在正常情况下的动力特性一致;驻足类型指对异常事件较有兴趣,驻足观看的行人,其动力特性由能使行人在原地停留的驻足效用值决定;围观类型指对异常事件极有兴趣,向异常事件中心靠近围观的行人,其动力特性由围观效用决定;围观离开类型指对异常事件失去兴趣,从围观人群离开的行人,其动力特性由围观离开效用决定.仿真效果显示,该模型基本可反映行人聚集围观的表征和内部特性.

Due to the lack of modelling pedestrian behaviors under the incidents that attract pedestrians,this paper proposes a new cellular automaton model aiming to reproduce the behaviors induced by such attractive incidents. When attractive incidents occur, the proposed model will classify the pedestrians into four groups： unaffected, stopped and circusee（i.e. surround and watch） and circusee-leave pedestrians. The dynamics of unaffected type is same as that under normal circumstances. The stopped type represents the pedestrian is somewhat interested in the attractive incident. Its dynamics is determined by stopped utility which can make the pedestrian stop for a while. The circusee type represents pedestrians who show strong interest in the attractive incidents and are intended to move closer to the venue and gain more knowledge. Its dynamics is determined by circusee utility. The circusee-leave type represents the pedestrian that loses interest and wants to leave the crowd. Its dynamics is determined by circusee- leave utility. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed model can reflect the surface and internal characteristic of pedestrian gathering.