司法实践中合同解除权行使问题的实证研究——判决背后法官理性选择的价值透视

An Empirical Study on Enforcing the Recission Right of Contract in Judicial Practice——From the Value Perspective of the Judges' Rational Choice Behind the Judgments

实证研究发现,实践中合同解除权相对人提起的异议之诉并不多,反而大量存在解除权人未通知相对人径行起诉要求解除合同的案件,在其诉讼中,因被告的诉讼参与及异议表达合并有相对人异议之诉。法官基于效率、利于纠纷实质解决等价值考量,从解释论视角将该类诉讼请求解释为请求法院转告解除通知与确认解除效力的合并。仅就《合同法》规定而言,我国是法律明定的通知解除模式。法院存在代替解除权人行使权利的观点不成立。

It is found through empirical studies that in judicial practice,there are few objection lawsuits initiated by the counterparts of recission right of contract whereas there are lots of plaintiffs asking to terminate the contract without informing the counterparts.In its procedure,there are objection lawsuits by the counterparts because of the defendants＇ participation in the proceedings and expression of objection.Baesed on some value considerations such as efficiency,whether it is conductive to the substancial resolution to the disputes and from the perspective of interpretation theory,judges interpret such lawsuits as requesting the court to inform the counterpart and affirm the recission.According to Contract Law,China adopts notification recission mode.The view does not hold that the court can exercise their rights in place of those with the right of recission.