汉字文化圈与辞书编纂

The Cultural Circle of Chinese Characters and the Compilation of Dictionaries

汉字曾是东亚地区的通用文字,形成汉字文化圈,汉语辞书也在汉字文化圈流传,传播到东亚各国甚至欧美。朝鲜辞书往往以《玉篇》、《字林》和《字典》命名,日本辞书也往往以《尔雅》、《释名》、《玉篇》、《字林》命名。文明间的交流常常是双向的,甚至是多向度的,日本辞书对我国辞书的编纂也有影响。汉字文化圈中各地区受不同文化背景和政治实体的影响,存在着一些词语的地域变体。编纂旨在描写各地区汉语使用情况的语文辞书有裨于汉字文化圈的交流,体现汉语的凝聚力和向心力。

Chinese characters were the common language in East Asia, which formed the cultural circle of Chinese characters. The Chinese dictionaries were also spread in the circle and East Asian countries and even to Europe and the United States. Korean dictionaries tend to name dictionaries as ＂玉篇＂, ＂字林＂ or ＂字典＂, while Japanese dictionaries tend to name dictionaries as ＂尔雅＂, ＂释名 ＂＂玉篇＂, or ＂字林＂ Cultural exchange is often bidirectional, and even multidimensional. Japanese dictionaries also have an impact on Chinese dictionary compilation. The various regions in the cultural circle are affected by different cultural backgrounds and political entities, and there are also local variants of some words. The compilation of Chinese dictionaries intended to describe the language usage of Chinese in various areas should benefit communication in the cultural circle, reflecting the Chinese cohesion and centripetal force.