论爱因斯坦的两种性质不同的道德和伦理

Discussions on Einstein's Two Kinds of Views on Morality and Ethics

我国学术界在对爱因斯坦的道德和伦理思想的研究和宣传中,把爱因斯坦塑造成为一个可疑的"圣人"形象,其根本原因在于研究者对爱因斯坦的道德和伦理思想的片面理解。爱因斯坦的人生经历、科学追求和哲学思想,是他的道德和伦理观念的思想背景。在爱因斯坦的道德和伦理思想中,除了他所主张的那种以"利他"为核心的道德和伦理外,还有一个他所没有意识到的以"自由"为核心的道德和伦理。爱因斯坦的以"利他"为核心的道德和伦理,与他的以"自由"为核心的道德和伦理,是两种性质不同的道德和伦理。爱因斯坦的以"利他"为核心的道德和伦理存在着先天的缺陷,因而他的以"自由"为核心的道德和伦理,是对他的以"利他"为核心的道德和伦理的合理补充。

Einstein is described as a suspicious image of saint in discussions about his thoughts on morality and ethnics by domestic academic circle due to their one-sided understanding about his thoughts. Einstein＇s views on morality and ethnics are based on his personal experiences,scientific pursuit and philosophic thoughts. Einstein＇s thoughts on morality and ethnics not only include altruism-centered views,but also include freedom-centered ones neglected unconsciously.Einstein＇s altruism-centered views on morality and ethics and his freedom-centered ones are different in nature. The former has congenital defects and the latter constitutes a reasonable complement.