略论《汉书·艺文志》著录郊庙歌辞的特点

On Characteristics of Sacrifice Poetry and Lyrics in Category of Liberal Arts of The Book of Han

汉代是乐府发展和兴盛的时期,汉武帝时期定郊祀之礼,现存乐府诗中有很多郊庙歌辞。《汉书·艺文志》录郊庙歌辞十九首,与其他乐府辑录本数量并不相符。除此之外,章学诚所言"宗庙歌诗,颂之属也"以及张舜徽先生"润色鸿业"概括宗庙歌诗内容等评论是否合理,也需要进一步思考。厘清这些问题,有利于进一步认识郊庙歌辞的意义。

Han Dynasty was a sprouting and flourishing period of Yuefu songs. In Han Wudi＇s time, the sacrificing rite in suburb temples was formed. And there exist now a lot of Yuefu songs concerning such rite. In Category of Liberal Arts of The Book of Han, 19 sacrificing songs are recorded, which are not in accordance with other collections of Yuefu songs. Be- sides, it needs further thinking whether ZHANG Xue-cheng＇s words that sacrificing songs are sung in sacrifcing rites and ZHANG Shun-hui＇s comments of praise for Han Wudi＇s achievements are reasonable or not. It is helpful for further under- standing the significance of sacrificing lyrics and poetry.