四川盆地中二叠统天然气勘探新突破的意义及有利勘探方向

Significance of new breakthrough in and favorable targets of gas exploration in the Middle Permian system,Sichuan Basin

四川盆地中二叠统具有优越的天然气成藏条件,但早期勘探发现仅以石灰岩缝洞型气藏为主,规模和成效有限。2014年,重点风险探井双探1井在川西北部地区的中二叠统白云岩储层钻获高产工业气流,实现了该盆地中二叠统天然气勘探的重要突破,不仅具有重大战略意义,而且对于超深层海相地层的油气勘探也颇具指导作用。为此,阐述了双探1井的部署背景、获得的重大钻探成果以及对该盆地中二叠统天然气勘探所产生的深远影响;从烃源条件、沉积特征、储层基本特征及平面展布、资源量、勘探有利区带等方面对该区中二叠统的勘探潜力、下一步的勘探方向进行了分析。结论认为,四川盆地中二叠统为连续的碳酸盐岩台地沉积,以碳酸盐岩沉积为主,储层主要包括孔隙型白云岩、岩溶缝洞和裂缝3种类型,天然气资源量十分可观,勘探潜力巨大。最后,划分了该盆地中二叠统的勘探有利区带,并指出最有利的勘探区带集中在该盆地中西部,其中川西北部地区烃源条件最为优越、白云岩储层发育、构造成排成带分布,是最有利的勘探区。

The Middle Permian system in the Sichuan Basin presents favorable conditions for forming natural gas reservoirs. However, only fracture-vuggy limestone gas reservoirs were discovered in early exploration, whose scales and results were limited. In 2014, high-yield industrial gas was produced from the Middle Permian dolomite reservoirs in the northwestern area of Sichuan in Well Shuangtan-1, the major risk-exploration well, which means a great breakthrough in natural gas exploration in the Middle Permian system, Sichuan Basin. This plays a strategically important and guiding role in oil and gas exploration in ultra-deep marine forma- tions. This paper illustrates the deployment background of Well Shuangtan-1, major exploration achievements and its significance in the gas exploration in Middle Permian system, Sichuan Basin. Moreover, exploration potential and subsequent exploration targets of Middle Permian are analyzed in terms of its hydrocarbon source conditions, sedimentary characteristics, reservoir characteristics and areal extension, resources and favorable exploration zones. It is concluded that the Middle Permian system in the Sichuan Basin is a continent-connected carbonate platform with carbonate deposits being dominant. There are three types of reservoirs, including pore dolomite, karst fracture-vuggy, and fracture, which present considerable natural gas resources and huge exploration potential. Fa- vorable exploration zones classification of Middle Permian in the Sichuan Basin indicates that the most favorable exploration zones are mainly distributed in the central-western Sichuan Basin. In particular, the northwestern Sichuan Basin is the most favorable explora- tion area which is characterized by the most excellent hydrocarbon source conditions, developed dolomite reservoirs and zonal distribution of structures.