微型稻麦联合收获机气流式清选装置研究

Design on Air-flowing Cleaning Unit of Micro Rice-Wheat Combine Harvester

为提高应用于丘陵山区作业的微型稻麦联合收割机作业质量,设计了气流式清选装置。通过设计计算确定了气流式清选装置主要工作部件(清选筒、吸风管、吸风机)的结构参数和工作参数,对清选筒进行了三维实体模型气流流场仿真分析。结果表明,清选装置结构、气流风速分布符合设计要求,清选分离效果好。经水稻收获田间对比试验表明:装有气流式清选装置的微型联合收获机具有结构紧凑、转移方便等原机特点;清选筒气流流场的风压风速分布满足设计要求;与没有清选装置的微型联合收获机相比,总损失率从3.8%下降到2.34%,破碎率从1.5%下降到1.4%,含杂率从7.2%下降到1.2%,分别下降了38.42%、8.33%和83.33%,达到了国家行业标准JB/T 5117—2006的要求,其中含杂率下降尤为显著。

To improve the operating quality of the micro rice-wheat combine harvester in hilly and mountainous areas,an air-flowing cleaning unit was designed. By means of design and calculation,the main working parts ＇（ cleaning unit,suction tube and suction fan） structure parameters and working parameters were defined. Simulating analyses on 3D model of air-flowing field in the cleaning unit were done. The results showed that the cleaning device structure and distribution of air-flow speed met the design requirements well and the cleaning effect was good. The compared field test with the rice harvest showed that the micro combine harvester with air-flowing cleaning unit had the features of compact size and easy operation. The distribution of air-flowing velocity and pressure in the cleaning unit could meet design requirements well. Comparing to micro combine harvester without air-flowing cleaning unit,the total loss rate decreased from 3. 8% to 2. 34%,the damage rate decreased from 1. 5% to 1. 4% and the impurities rate decreased from 7. 2% to 1. 2%, which fell by 38. 42%, 8. 33% and 83. 33%,respectively. Every performance reached the demands to JB / T 5117—2006 well. The decline of impurities rate was particularly significant.