青岛市2013年伤害流行病学特征分析

INJURY EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF QINGDAO IN 2013

目的了解青岛市2013年伤害病例的分布情况及流行趋势,为制定有效的预防干预措施提供数据支持。方法对2013年青岛市伤害监测数据库中所有伤害病例进行流行病学分析。结果 2013年青岛市共监测伤害病例80 406例,伤害发生率为8.63‰,其中男性53 570例,女性26 836例,男性病例显著多于女性（χ2=8 550.9,P〈0.01）;农村人口所占比例显著高于城市（χ2=2 781.9,P〈0.01）。伤害发生的原因主要为跌倒或坠落（27.33%）、交通事故（24.25%）、钝器伤（20.38%）、刀或锐器伤（13.90%）、动物伤（8.49%）。0~14岁和60岁以上受伤人群跌倒或坠落伤所占比例较大,分别为42.93%和40.60%。全年中伤害发生率以7~8月份最高,一天中8：00—10：59为伤害发生的高峰时段。伤害发生地点主要为公路或街道（31.25%）、家中（28.78%）及工业和建筑场所（15.75%）。结论 2013年青岛市伤害的发生率较高,应制定相应的预防和干预措施。

Objective To investigate the distribution of injury cases in Qingdao in 2013 and its prevalence trend,and provide scientific basis for developing effective prevention and intervention measures. Methods An epidemiological analysis was done for all the injury cases recorded in 2013 in Qingdao injury-monitoring database. Results In Qingdao,a total of 80 406 cases of injuries occurred in 2013,the incidence being 8.63‰.Of which,male 53 570 cases,female 26 836,male cases were more than female,the difference was statistically significant（χ2=8 550.9,P0.01）,rural population was more than urban（χ2=2 781.9,P0.01）.The main causes of injuries were falling（27.33%）,traffic accident（24.25%）,blunt injuries（20.38%）,knife or sharp instrument injuries（13.90%）and animal injuries（8.49%）.In injured people of 0-14-year-old group,and those of over 60 years old,more were due to tumbling or falling,accounting for 42.93%and 40.60%,respectively.Injuries mostly happened in July and August of the year,and in the day time,the peak being 8：00—10：59AM.The injuries mainly happened on highways or streets（31.25%）,at home（28.78%）,in the industrial and construction sites（15.75%）. Conclusion There was a high incidence of injuries in Qingdao city in 2013,and thus corresponding prevention and intervention measures should be carried out.