滁菊亚临界净油挥发性和半挥发性成分分析及卷烟加香效果

Analysis of Volatile and Semi-volatile Components in Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat Absolute Prepared by Subcritical Extraction Technology and its Application to Cigarette Flavoring

以滁菊为原料,利用亚临界技术提取滁菊净油;分别采用丁烷、丁烷+乙醇(夹带剂)、二甲醚和二甲醚+水(夹带剂)4种溶剂进行提取,采用GC/MS法对比分析了不同溶剂提取净油挥发性和半挥发性成分的差异,并用所得净油分别进行卷烟加香评吸实验。结果表明:14种溶剂提取的净油中共鉴定出48种化学成分,包括21种烯类、10种醇类、7种酮类、3种酯类、2种羧酸及其他成分。24种净油中对应成分质量分数的差异较大。随提取溶剂极性的增大,挥发性和半挥发性成分的质量分数逐渐降低。3以二甲醚为提取溶剂时,所得净油能较好地改善口感,卷烟烟气香气质和香气量改善,杂气降低,刺激性减小。

The absolutes of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat were extracted by subcritical technology with 4 solvents, including butane, butane and ethanol （as entrainer）, dimethyl ether, dimethyl ether and water （as entrainer） separately. The volatile and semi-volatile components in the obtained absolutes were analyzed by GC/MS method. The 4 absolutes were added into cigarettes as flavors, and sensory evaluation was conducted. The results showed that： 1） 48 chemical components identified in the 4 absolutes included 21 olefins, 10 alcohols, 7 ketones, 3 esters, 2 carboxylic acids among others. 2） The contents of components in the absolutes differed significantly, and decreased with the increase of the polarity of extraction solvent. 3） The absolute extracted with dimethyl ether effectively improved the taste, enhanced aroma quality, aroma quantity and reduced the offensive odor, irritancy of cigarette smoke.