“七艺”考略:西方古典课程的传统与流变

A Research on Seven Liberal Arts: The Resources and Development of the Classical Curriculum in Europe

"七艺"课程诞生于古希腊和罗马的社会需求和相对丰厚的文化积淀之中。"智者学派"提了"三艺",柏拉图提出了"四艺",二者珠联璧合,共同构筑了西方古典人文主义课程的基础。在罗马时期,"七艺"课程继续发展,但在中世纪,"七艺"课程则被深深地打上了宗教神学的烙印。"文艺复兴"之后,西方近代自然科学发展起来,近代自然科学和社会科学的分化逐步形成,传统的"七艺"也随之逐渐退出历史舞台并最终消亡。

The Seven Liberal Arts originated from the social requirements and cultural foundation of the ancient Greek and Roman. The Sophists raised the Trivium and Plato raised the Quadrivium, which leaded the direction of Humanities in the West. In Roman, the Seven Liberal Arts were inherited and developed, but in the Middle Ages they were influenced by Religious theology. After Renaissance, with the development of science and technology, the science curriculum and social science curriculum were funded gradually. Then, the Seven Liberal Arts accomplished their mission and disappeared ultimately.