护士工作能力、心理健康及应对方式对医院暴力事件发生影响

Impacts of capability for work,mental health,and coping style of nurses on hospital workplace violence

目的探讨护士工作能力、心理健康及应对方式对医院暴力事件发生的影响,为预防医院场所暴力事件发生提供指导。方法采用自行设计一般情况调查表以及工作场所暴力事件量表(WVS)、工作能力指数量表(WAI)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、特质应对方式量表(TCSQ)对山东大学齐鲁医院随机抽取的240名护士进行问卷调查,分析医院场所暴力事件与护理人员工作能力、心理健康及应对方式的关系。结果 240名护士1年内遭受到医院场所暴力事件88起,医院场所暴力事件发生率为36.67%;护士工作能力得分为(32.25±3.15)分,应对方式中积极应对、消极应对得分分别为(38.26±4.25)和(31.85±5.42)分,症状自评中焦虑、抑郁、敌对、恐怖、偏执、躯体化、人际关系、强迫症状、精神病性、其他症状得分和总分分别为(2.09±0.82)、(2.18±0.88)、(2.20±0.91)、(2.14±0.86)、(2.08±0.84)、(2.02±0.92)、(2.11±0.71)、(2.18±0.850)、(2.58±0.79)、(2.52±0.83)和(25.96±5.36)分;多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,近1个月班次为晚班、护士症状自评为人际关系敏感和敌对性是医院暴力事件发生的危险因素,护士工作能力强和积极应对方式是医院暴力事件发生的保护因素。结论医院场所暴力事件发生率较高,护士工作能力、心理健康及应对方式对医院暴力事件的发生有影响。

Objective To investigate the impact of nurses＇ capability for work,mental health,and coping style on occurrence of hospital workplace violence and to provide references for the prevention of hospital workplace violence.Methods With random sampling,240 nurses were selected from a hospital and surveyed were with a self-designed general questionnaire,Workplace Violence Event Scale（ WVS）,Work Ability Index Inventory（ WAI）,Symptom Checklist-90（ SCL-90）,and Trait Coping Style Questionnaire（ TCSQ）. Logistic regression was adopted to analyze the associations of capability for work and coping style of the nurses with hospital workplace violence. Results Of the nurses,88（ 36. 67%） were exposed to workplace violence events in the hospital during previous one year. For all the nurses,the average score of capability for work was 32. 25 ± 3. 15; the average scores for positive and negative coping style were 38. 26± 4. 25 and 31. 85 ± 5. 42; the average total SCL-90 score was 25. 96 ± 5. 36 and the domain scores were 2. 09 ± 0. 82 for anxiety,2. 18 ± 0. 88 for depression,2. 20 ± 0. 91 for hostility,2. 14 ± 0. 86 for paranoia,2. 08 ± 0. 84 for paranoid,2. 02 ±0. 92 for somatization,2. 11 ± 0. 71 for interpersonal sensitivity,2. 18 ± 0. 850 for obsessive-compulsive symptoms,2. 58 ± 0. 79 for psychosis,and 2. 52 ± 0. 83 for other symptoms,respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that working on night duty during the previous one month,with higher SCL-90 domain scores for the interpersonal sensitivity and hostility were risk factors for involvement of hospital workplace violence,while with higher capability for work and positive coping style were protective factors. Conclusion The involvement of hospital workplace violence is prevalent among nurses and capability for work,mental health,and coping style of the nurses have impacts on the occurrence of hospital workplace violence.