澳门市民与北京、上海、天津市民体质状况的比较研究

Comparative Study on Public Health of Residents in Macao,Bejing,Shanghai and Tianjin

采用“综合指数”和“国民体质等级评定”2个技术参数对京、沪、津与澳4城市3~69岁全年龄段居民的体质状况做对比分析研究。结果显示,1）4城市市民体质总体水平相比较,上海市民体质总体水平最高,依次为北京、天津、澳门;2）4城市市民体质水平年龄变化特征为：上海、天津、澳门3城市市民体质水平随年龄增长呈现出先下降后升高的趋势,而北京表现出单边下降的态势;3）4城市市民体质水平性别比较特征为：男性市民体质水平比较中,北京最高,依次为上海、天津、澳门;女性市民体质水平比较中,上海最高,依次为天津、澳门、北京;4）4城市市民体质指标水平比较特征为：4城市各类体质指标综合指数比较中,上海皆为最高;在其余3城市的比较中,形态类、机能体质综合指数比较均为澳门〉天津〉北京;在素质类体质综合指数比较中,为北京〉天津〉澳门;5）4城市市民体质评定等级比较中,北京、天津、上海人数比例主要集中在“合格”等级中,澳门人数比例主要集中在“良好”等级中,在“优秀”等级方面,4个城市基本持衡,但在良好率上,澳门尤为突出。

Through using the two technical parameters of comprehensive index and national fit- ness rating, this paper makes comparative study on public health of residents aged at 3-69 in Macao,Beijing,Shanghai and Tianjin. The result shows that 1） the overall level of public health in four cities, the public health of residents in Shanghai is the highest, followed by Beijing,Tianjin, Macao; 2） The age characteristics of pulic health of residents in four cities, Shanghai, Tianjin, Macao show a rising trend after fall first along with the age growth, while Beijng shows unilateral decline trend; 3） The gender characteristics of public health of residents in four cities, among the public health of male residents, Beijing is the highest, followed by Shanghai,Tianjin, Macao, while the female residents, Shanghai is the highest, followed by Tianjin, Macao, Beijing ; 4） The body mass index characteristics of residents in four cities, a- mong the comprehensive indexes, Shanghai is the highest, in the rest of three cities, the com- parison on physical shape and function indexes, Macao is higher than Tianjin and Beijing, while the physical fitness,Bejing is higher than Tianjin and Macao;5） In the national fitness rating of residents in four cities, the ratio of residents＇ physical fitness comparison in Bejing, Tianjin, Shanghai are mainly concentrated in the qualified rank, while proportion of Macao mainly con- centrated in good and excellent rating, four cities have a basic scale, but in good rate, Macao is particularly prominent.