不同剂型利巴韦林对小儿上呼吸道病毒性感染的疗效分析

Comparative study on the effect of different types of ribavirin on treatment of pediatric upper respiratory tract viral infection

目的观察分析利巴韦林气雾剂与利巴韦林颗粒治疗小儿上呼吸道病毒性感染的疗效。方法选取2011年1月至2014年2月期间杭州市萧山区第一人民医院儿科收治的上呼吸道病毒性感染患儿120例,根据治疗方法不同分为接受利巴韦林气雾剂治疗的观察组和接受利巴韦林颗粒治疗的对照组,比较两组治疗效果、退热效果、感冒症状改善及不良反应。结果用药72h内,观察组治疗有效率高于对照组(x^2=3.927,P<0.05);观察组用药48h、72h内体温恢复正常率均高于对照组(x^2值分别为4.302和8.711,均P<0.05);治疗后12h,观察组咳嗽、流涕改善率高于对照组(x^2值分别为4.615和3.840,均P<0.05);治疗72h,观察组咳嗽、流涕、全身不适症状改善率均高于对照组(x^2值分别为10.909、18.033、9.090,均P<0.05);两组治疗期间不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(x^2=1.405,P>0.05)。结论利巴韦林气雾剂起效迅速,有助于控制患儿临床症状,提高治疗效果。

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of ribavirin aerosol and ribavirin granules on treatment of pediatric viral upper respiratory tract infection. Methods From January 2011 to February 2014, 120 cases with pediatric upper respiratory tract viral infection in First People’ s Hospital in Xiaoshan District were enrolled and divided into observation group given ribavirin aerosol and control group given ribavirin granule. Treatment effect, antifebrile effect, cold symptoms improvement and adverse reaction were compared between two groups. Results Compared with the control group, the efficacy rate of the observation group was higher within 72 hours after treatment （χ2 =3. 927,P〈0. 05）, and within 48h and 72h the rate of body temperature coming to normal was significantly higher in the observation group （χ2 value was 4. 302 and 8. 711, respectively, both P〈0. 05）. Twelve hours after treatment, cough and runny nose improvement rate in the observation group was obviously higher （χ2 value was 4. 615 and 3. 840, respectively, both P 〈0. 05）. After 72h, the improvement rates of cough, runny nose and systemic symptoms were significantly higher in the observation group than the control group （χ2 value was 10. 909, 18. 033 and 9. 090, respectively, all P〈0. 05）. There was no significant difference in adverse reactions between two groups （χ2 =1. 405,P 〉0. 05）. Conclusion Ribavirin aerosol works more quickly, and it is helpful to control clinical symptoms and improve therapeutic efficacy.