纳秒级陡脉冲电场对荷瘤小鼠乳腺癌的杀伤作用研究

In vivo killing effects of nanosecond pulsed electric fields on mouse breast cancer

目的以BALB／c荷瘤小鼠为对象，探讨纳秒级陡脉冲电场对在体小鼠乳腺癌的杀伤效应。方法取24只皮下接种小鼠乳腺癌细胞EMT-6的BALB／c荷瘤鼠，分为实验组和对照组，每组12只。在麻醉状态下，采用场强为700V／cm、脉宽为70μs、上升时间为57ns、占空比为50％的陡脉冲电场，利用自制的电极针插入实验组小鼠肿瘤两端进行电刺激处理，脉冲个数为100个，能量为9．75J，有效作用时间仅为7ms。对照组不进行电刺激，其他处理相同。隔天测量动物体质量、肿瘤大小，并在处理后第1、3、5、7天分别取肿瘤组织做病理切片。结果与对照组相比，实验组小鼠肿瘤生长速度较慢，特别在处理后1-3d内肿瘤几乎停止生长。组织病理结果显示电刺激处理后肿瘤组织有明显的凝固性坏死表现，组织水肿明显，处理后第3天肿瘤组织中出现大量空泡样结构，血管损伤在早期即出现。结论在给定电场条件下，陡脉冲电场对肿瘤生长有一定的抑制作用。要想达到更理想的肿瘤治疗效果，需对陡脉冲剂量进行进一步的研究。

Objective To explore the in vivo killing effects of nanosecond pulsed electric fields on mouse breast cancer in tumor bearing BALB/c mice. Methods Twenty four BALB/c mice models with subcutaneous EMT-6 breast cancer were prepared and divided into experimental group and control group （n= 12）. In experimental group, the mice were treated by the pulsed electric fields with peak voltage of 700 V/cm, rise times of 57 ns, durations of 70 μs and duty ratio of 50% on the tumor tissue with two parallel electrodes under anaesthesia. One hundred pulses were given and the energy was just 9.75 J with effective action period of 7 ms. Tumor volume, animal weight and histopathologic changes after 1, 3, 5 and 7 d were observed after irreversible electroporation. Results The tumor volume in experimental group increased more slowly than that in control group, especially at the 1-3 d after treatment with a standstill. Histopathological examination results showed that the tumor tissue had obvious coagulation necrosis and tissue edema after electrical stimulation treatment, and mass vacuole like structure appeared in tumor tissue from the third day after treatment and vascular injury occurred at the early stage. Conclusions In the given field conditions, steep pulsed electric field has inhibitory effect on tumor growth. In order to achieve more ideal tumor therapy effect, further studies on steep pulse dose are needed.