不同树形对甜樱桃光合特性的影响

Effects of Different Tree Shapes on the Photosynthetic Characteristics of Sweet Cherry

以4年生甜樱桃龙田早红为试材,于2013—2014年5—6月对主干分层形和自然纺锤形甜樱桃的相关光合特性指标进行了测定,分析了不同树形光合特性的差异。结果表明,龙田早红甜樱桃光合作用的光补偿点在12∽44μmol/（m2·s）之间,光饱和点在871∽2 625μmol/（m2·s）之间,受树形和叶片方位影响较大,自然纺锤形的光饱和点高于主干分层形,且其对光强的利用范围也宽、光能利用效率较高;不论东部还是西部,主干分层形CO2补偿点都比自然纺锤形高、利用CO2的范围窄,光合作用中的光反应更难进行、利用CO2的能力更低;龙田早红樱桃的净光合速率日变化呈双峰曲线,具有明显的午休现象。通过对龙田早红甜樱桃的净光合速率日变化的测定得出,在不同方位,自然纺锤形均高于主干分层形,且自然纺锤形的光合效能较高。

With 4 years old of sweet cherry ＂Long Tian Zao Hong＂ as the test material, between May and June in 2013-2014, we determined photosynthetic characteristics of the main stratified shape and the spindle shape tree, and analysed the difference between treatments. The results showed that light compensation point of the species between 12-44 μmol/（m2·s）, light saturation point between871-2 625 μmol/（m2·s）. By a greater impact on the tree and leaf orientation, the light saturation point of the spindle shape was higher than that of main stratified shape, and the light intensity of the use of a wide range, high light utilization efficiency. Regardless of the eastern or western tree, the CO2 compensation point of main stratified shape was higher than that of the spindle shape, main stratified shape using a narrow range of using efficiency on CO2, the ability of using efficiency on CO2 was lower. The net photosynthetic rate of the species diurnal variation bimodal curve, with obvious midday depression. The net photosynthetic rate of the spindle shape was higher than that of main stratified shape, had higher photosynthetic efficiency.