晚明底层文人的生存状态——以南京王世茂车书楼为中心的考察

The Subsistence of Underclass Literati in Late Ming Dynasty——A Study on Wang Shimao's Cheshulou in Nanjing

王世茂车书楼是晚明南京一家重要的书坊,它编纂、校注和刊刻的图书仅流传至今者就达30余种,与车书楼有联系的作者、校者和刊刻者达40余人。文章借鉴新文化史的研究范式,通过对车书楼及其所编纂、校注和刊刻图书的考察,探究商业出版环境下晚明底层文人的生活方式、价值观念和精神诉求以及人际交往情况,从而揭示了晚明底层文人生存状态和谋生方式的多元化。这一努力不仅可以深化传统社会底层文人生活状况的研究,还在方法论上有所突破。

Wang Shi - mao＇ s Cheshulou was an important Shufang in Nanjing in late Ming Dynasty. Up to more than thirty kinds of books compiled, annotated and published by it spread until today. It had associated with over 40 authors, annotators and publishers. Using research mode of the new cultural history, this paper investigates Cheshulou and the books compiled, an- notated and published by it, and explores the underclass literati＇ s lifestyle, value opinion, spiritual pursuit and interpersonal situations under the commercial publishing environment of late Ming Dynasty, thus reveals the living condition and the diversifi- cation of late Ming literati＇ s ways of making a living. This study can not only deepen the research on the literati at the bottom of the traditional society, but also a breakthrough in the methodology.