布氏田鼠行为谱的构建

Construction for the Ethogram of Brandt's Voles(Lasiopodomys brandtii)

通过摄像回放的方式对内蒙古锡林郭勒盟典型草原区野外围栏内和室内观察箱内布氏田鼠(Lasiopodomys brandtii)行为进行观察记录,按照其生活习性和各行为的生物学意义,将生态功能相近的行为归类,构建了布氏田鼠的行为谱,并分别分析了观察箱内和围栏内、不同生殖期、不同发育期和主要活动时期的行为模式的差异。结果表明:布氏田鼠的行为谱被分为个体行为和社会行为2大类,个体行为包括运动行为、摄食行为、非社会性探究行为、排泄行为、警戒行为、维持行为和筑巢行为;社会行为包括友好行为、对抗行为、繁殖行为和杀婴行为。统计数据结果显示,观察箱内运动行为和警戒行为发生频率较围栏内显著降低,非社会性探究行为、自我修饰和友好行为发生频率显著升高;观察箱内哺乳期布氏田鼠繁殖行为、筑巢行为频次较发情期和怀孕期显著增长;幼体摄食行为显著高于亚成体和成体;围栏内秋季布氏田鼠的筑巢行为频次显著增长。

The behaviors of Brandt＇s voles （Lasiopodomys brandtii） in enclosure and test box were recorded by video in the typical steppes of Xilingol, Inner Mongolia. The ethogram of Brandt＇s voles was constructed according to their living habits and the biological function of each behavior. The differences of behavior patterns between enclosure and test box was analyzed among different reproductive periods, different developmental periods, and some main active periods, respectively. The results showed that Brandt＇s voles＇ ethogram was divided into individual behavior and social behavior. Individual behavior included locomotive behavior, ingestive behavior, non-social exploratory behavior, eliminate behavior, sentinel behavior, maintenance behavior and nest building behavior. Social behavior included amicable behavior, ag- nostic behavior, reproductive behavior and infanticide behavior. The statistical data showed that, compa- ring with enclosure the percentage of locomotive behavior and sentinel behavior in test box decreased significantly, and the non-social exploratory behavior, self-grooming and amicable behavior increased markedly. The nest building behavior and reproductive behavior in lactation happened more frequently than in oestrum and gestation. The frequency of ingestive behavior in juvenile was higher than in subadult and adult. The percentage of nest building behavior in autumn increased significantly.