口服避孕药与宫颈高危型人乳头瘤病毒感染的相关性研究

Correlation between Oral Contraceptives and Cervical High Risk HPV Infection

目的探讨口服避孕药与宫颈高危型人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染的相关性。方法选择2013年1月至2014年6月于广州市妇女儿童医疗中心及广州市人口和计划生育技术服务指导所体检或初诊的非妊娠妇女240例,按避孕方式将其分为避孕药组（使用口服避孕药物超过1年以上,A组）78例、IUD组（使用IUD避孕1年以上,B组）85例以及对照组（采取其他的避孕方式或者无避孕,C组）77例。结果 3组受试者高危型HPV检出率比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,其中A组高危型HPV检出率显著高于B组及C组（P〈0.05）;口服避孕药1~4年、5~9年及10年以上受试者高危型HPV检出阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,随着口服避孕药时间的增加,检出高危型HPV的阳性率显著增加（P〈0.05）;口服避孕药时间与高危型HPV检出阳性率之间呈正相关（r=0.653,P〈0.05）。结论长期口服避孕药可增加高危型HPV感染的危险性。对于长期口服避孕药的妇女,需定期进行宫颈筛查,以预防和及早治疗宫颈病变。

Objective To investigate the correlation between oral contraceptives and cervical high risk human papillomavirus（ HPV） infection. Methods Totally 240 healthy non- pregnant women undergoing the physical examination or first visiting in Guangzhou Municipal Women and Children Medical Center and the Guangzhou Municipal Population and Family Planning Technical Guidance Institute from January 2013 to June 2014 were selected and divided into the contraceptive group（ using contraceptives over 1 year,group A） 78 cases,intrauterine device（ IUD） group（ using IUD over 1 year, group B） 85 cases and the control group（ adopting other contraception mode or non- contraception,group C） 77 cases according to the different contraceptive methods. Results The high- risk HPV detection rate had statistically significant difference among three groups（ P〈0. 05）,in which the detection rate of high- risk HPV in the group A was higher than that in the group B and the group C（ P〈0. 05）; the positive detection rate of high- risk HPV had statistically significant difference among the subjects with oral contraceptives time of 1- 4 years,5- 9 years and over 10 years（ P〈0. 05）; with the oral contraceptives time lapse,the positive detection rate of high- risk HPV was increased significantly（ P〈0. 05）; the oral contraceptives time was positively correlated with the positive detection rate of high- risk HPV（ r = 0. 653,P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Long term oral contraceptives may increase the risk of high- risk HPV infection,so the women with long- term oral contraceptives need regular cervical screening for preventing and early treating cervical lesions.