民族地区贫困与外来作物推广失误之间的关联性实证

A study of the relevance between poverty and the wrong promotion of exotic crops in ethnic minority areas

水稻、玉米和烟叶等外来作物是武陵山区扶贫开发推广的主要对象。然而,由于这些外来作物与武陵山区生态环境的兼容性差,以及武陵山区没有推广这些外来作物的历史文化积淀,盲目推广不仅引发了不同程度的生态灾变,而且还在无意中扩大了贫困的程度。为防止类似的推广失误的重演,在外来作物推广之前,需要综合考虑外来作物的属性与当地生态文化的兼容性,对外来作物做出生态文化正反两方面的论证。将这样的思路提升为"生态扶贫"的必备内容,因而有必要纳入我国新时期"精准扶贫"的规程里,作为"精准扶贫"具体化和可操作化的基本步骤。

In Wuling Mountain Region, exotic crops like rice, corn, and tobacco are the major ones for the poverty alleviation projects. However, the nature of these exotic crops is not compatible with the eco-eulture of Wuling Mountain Region and there is no history and experience for the cultivation of these crops. Thus, the blind promotion of such crops not only causes ecological catastrophes to differ- ent extents, but also results in a worsening poverty rate. Thus, to avoid such consequences, it is nec- essary to consider the compatibility between the nature of the introduced crops and the local eco-cul- ture before any poverty alleviation projects are carried out. In addition, it is also necessary to analyze the positive and negative aspects of exotic crops in the perspective of eco-culture. This thinking mode should be an essential content of the ecological poverty alleviation projects, and should be specified in the implementation of the targeted poverty alleviation projects.