美国人口、人力资本对经济增长的效应

America population,human capital effect on economy growth

美国作为世界第一大经济体,它的经济发展时刻吸引全球其他国家的瞩目。20世纪60年代至80年代人力资本理论与新经济增长理论兴起后,人力资本因素作为一个新生的生产要素诞生了,它不仅具有一般生产要素的作用,而且也具有促使其他生产要素提高效率的功能,人力资本积累是保持经济增长的重要基础。本文在前人研究基础上,主要收集了1982-2012年有关经济增长及投入要素的时间序列数据,采用计量分析方法分别测算出劳动力投入、资本投入、技术投入和人力资本对美国经济增长的贡献率分别为17.73%、23.88%、20.19%、38.2%,与以往测算结果不同的是,其中这里的技术进步贡献率是剔除了人力资本后的贡献率。

America,as the world＇s largest economy country,its economic development is always attracting the attention of all other countries in the world.Human capital which exists in 20 th 60s,as a new producation fator has not only the general factors of production function,but also has prompted the other factors of productionto improve the efficiency of the function,the accumulation of human capital is an important foundation to maintain economic growth..In this paper,on the basis of previous studies,time series data mainly collected about economic growth 1982-2012 years and the relevant inputs,using the method ofeconometrics to calculate the labor input,capital input,technology investment and human capital to the economic growth of the USA contribution rates were 17.73%,23.88%,20.19%,38.2%.