留守儿童心理健康状况与社会支持的相关分析

Relevant Study on Left-Behind Children's Psychological Health and Social Support

目的:探讨留守儿童的心理健康状况与社会支持的相关性。方法:采用青少年社会支持网络问卷和心理健康诊断测验量表(MHT),对318名农村中学在校生进行问卷调查,分析留守儿童的心理健康状况、比较不同性别留守儿童的心理健康差异及社会支持与心理健康的相关性。结果:留守儿童心理问题的阳性检出率(81.8%)显著高于非留守儿童(18.2%)(P<0.05);女性留守儿童在MHT的过敏倾向、学习焦虑、自责倾向、恐怖倾向这4个因子水平及全量表的得分显著高于男性留守儿童(P<0.05);非留守儿童获得的社会支持比留守儿童要多,社会支持的亲密感、价值肯定、个体情感支持、陪伴娱乐支持、信息支持和帮助6个维度与MHT的学习焦虑,孤独倾向,恐怖倾向,冲动倾向对人焦虑,孤独倾向,恐怖倾向,自责倾向,身体症状,恐怖倾向,过敏倾向,身体症状,恐怖倾向,冲动倾向8个因子均呈负相关关系(P<0.05)。结论:社会支持对留守儿童的心理健康发展存在一定的影响,应引起社会的广泛关注。

Objective： To investigate the psychological health status of the left- behind children and the relationship with the social support. Methods： Adopting social support network questionnaire and mental health diagnostic test scale （MHT） on 318 middle school students in countryside. The ques- tionnaires was applied to analyze the psychological health status of the left - behind children, compare the differences of psychological health of both genders and the correlation of social support and psycho- logical health. Results： The positive rate of left- behind children＇s psychological problems was 81. 8% , significantly higher than that of non left - behind children（ 18.2% , P 〈0.05 ） ; for female left behind childen, allergic tendencies, learning anxiety, self - accusation tendency and horror tendency, these four factor levels and MHT on a full scale score were significantly higher than male counterparts （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; non left - behind children get more social support than left - behind children, including social support of intimacy, value ascertaining, individual emotional support, companionship support, information support and general help of six dimensions, which present negative correlation （P 〈 0. 05） with MHT learning anxiety, loneliness tendency, impulsive tendency of anxiety, remorse tenden- cy, body symptom, horror tendency, allergic tendency, impulsiveness. Conclusion： Social support impose certain effect on psychological health of left - behind children, it should attract more social con- cerns