行为转变理论对高血压患者血压、血脂水平及生存质量的影响

The Impact of Lifestyle Management on Blood Pressure,Blood Lipid Levels and Life Quality of Patients with Hypertension

目的:探讨行为转变理论对高血压患者血压水平及生存质量的影响。方法:78例原发性高血压患者均分为观察组和对照组,对照组患者给予常规降压药物治疗,观察组患者在对照组基础上进行行为转变理论教育,两组患者持续治疗1年,对比分析两组患者干预前后血压、血脂、体质指数及生存质量的差异。结果:两组患者治疗后收缩压、舒张压显著低于治疗前,而治疗后观察组患者收缩压、舒张压及体质指数下降幅度显著大于对照组,降压药物用量显著少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗后总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)显著低于治疗前,高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)水平则高于治疗前(P<0.05),而对照组血脂水平与治疗前相比无差异(P>0.05);治疗后观察组患者生理机能、躯体疼痛、总体健康、生理职能、社会功能、情感职能、精神健康、精力及SF-36总评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:对高血压患者在常规治疗同时进行行为转变理论教育能有效降低患者血压及血脂水平,改善患者生存状况,提高患者生存质量。

Objective： To explore the impact of lifestyle management on blood pressure, blood lipid levels and life quality of patients with hypertension. Methods： Seventy-eight patients with essential hy- pertension were randomly divided into observation group and control group. Control group were treated with conventional antihypertensive drugs and observation group were given lifestyle management plus for 1 year. The blood pressure, blood lipid levels, physical factors and life quality were compared be- fore and after treatment. Results： The systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure of the two groups after treatment were lower than those before treatment （P 〈 0.05 ）, while observation group showed a bigger drop and the dosage of antihypertensive drugs was less than that of control group （P〈 0.05 ）. The levels of total cholesterol （ TC）, triglyceride （TG）, low density lipoprotein （HDL-C） of observation group were lower than those before treatment and the level of high density lipoprotein （LDL-C） was higher than that before treatment （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Lipid levels in the control group before and after treatment had no significant difference （ P 〉 0.05 ）. After treatment, the patient physiological function, bodily pain, general health, physical function, social function, emotional function, mental health, energy and the SF-36 total score in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group, the difference was statistically significant （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion： Giving hyperten- sive patients antihypertensive drugs plus lifestyle management can effectively reduce blood pressure and blood lipid levels, improve patient quality of life.