深圳某区2009-2014年418例成人麻疹病例流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of 418 adult measles in a district of Shenzhen during 2009-2014

目的了解深圳某区≥18岁成人麻疹的流行病学特征,为制定和调整麻疹的预防控制策略提供科学依据。方法对2009-2014年深圳某区≥18岁成人麻疹发病资料进行统计分析。结果 2009-2014年深圳某区共报告成人麻疹418例,年平均发病率2.79/10万。3-9月为麻疹发病高峰,占发病数的85.17%（356/418）。病例男女性别比1∶1.01,主要集中在20-35岁发病,占70.57%（295/418）。以工人和家务及待业人群为主,分别占38.04%、31.10%,外地户籍病例占65.79%（275/418）。有95.22%的成人麻疹病例无免疫史或免疫史不详。结论近3年成人麻疹发病有上升趋势,外来劳务青工属于麻疹防控重点人群,需加强重点人群的健康宣教力度,必要时进行麻疹疫苗强化免疫。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles over 18 years old in a district of Shenzhen,and provide scientific evidences for measles prevention and control strategy. Method Adult measles data reported from a district of Shenzhen during 2009 to 2014 was analyzed. Results During 2009-2011, 418 adult measles cases were reported. The average annual incidence rate was 2.79 / 105. The peak season of disease was from March to September. The ratio of male to female was 1 ∶1.01; the incidence of meales between 20-35 yesrs old age groups was higher than that in other age groups.38.04% of the cases occurred among workers and 31.10% among household and unemployed personnel. 65.79% of the cases were among floating population. Measles vaccination history was analyzed;95.22% had no vaccination record or unclear. Conclusions Nearly three years of adult measles on the rise, foreign service young workers belonged to measles prevention and control of key populations. It is necessary to strengthen health education of focus groups, and enforce measles vaccine immunization if necessary.