页岩气新型“井工厂”开发技术研究现状及发展趋势

Research Status and Trend of New “Well Factory” Development Technology for Shale Gas Reservoir

新型"井工厂"开发技术的运用使北美页岩气藏勘探开发获得巨大成功,拓宽了天然气勘探开发空间。它能降低工程成本、提高资源与设备利用率、缩短建井周期、大幅度提高作业效率。基于国内外文献调研及实地考察,介绍了"井工厂"技术的研究现状,详细阐述了该技术的概念及特点,总结了页岩气"井工厂"开发关键技术,分析了国内外"井工厂"技术应用中存在的问题,重点对国内"井工厂"实际应用情况做对比分析。并指出,我国目前处于探索试验阶段,钻井、完井及压裂技术等还不能完全满足"井工厂"作业要求,尚未形成一套成熟的"井工厂"模式。因此,建议树立全过程"降本增效"理念,借鉴吸收苏里格模式及海洋平台丛式钻井理念,制定页岩气"井工厂"作业的健康安全准则与环境污染评估体系,大力研究与发展"井工厂"配套智能化设备及技术,以期对页岩气及其他非常规油气资源的勘探开发具有借鉴意义和指导作用。

In recent years, as being able to lower engineering cost,increase resource and equipment utilization, shorten well construction period, significantly improve operation efficiency, the application of new ＂Well Factory＂ development technology has led to great success of shale gas exploration and development in north America, broade- ning exploration and development space for natural gas. Based on internal and external literature, along with field investigations, the current research status of ＂Well Factory＂ technology is introduced, followed by elaborations on its concept and features,and then the key techniques for shale gas ＂Well Factory＂ development mode is summa-rized, and next existing problems in the application of ＂Well Factory＂ technology at home and abroad are analyzed. Afterwards, the results indicate that in China, as drilling, well completion, fracturing technology etc. fail to meet the operational needs of ＂Well Factory＂ mode, our country is still in exploration and testing stage of ＂Well Factory＂ technology. Based on the problems mentioned above, in order to promote domestic and international shale gas explo- ration and development with high efficiency and economy, it is recommended that it is significent to set up the con- cept of ＂reducing cost to increase benefit＂, to refer to and learn from Sulige Gas Field development patterns as well as the practice of cluster well drilling on offshore platform, to establish stringent standards in health and safety, to build estimation systems for environmental pollution, and vigorously research and develop related intelligent equip-ments and techniques which match ＂Well Factory＂ development mode.