草皮逍遥蛛对大豆蚜的捕食功能反应研究

Predatory Function of Philodromus cespitum on Soybean Aphids

采用室内试验与田间罩笼试验的方法分别测定了草皮逍遥蛛对大豆蚜的捕食功能与田间控害作用。结果表明:草皮逍遥蛛在室内条件下对大豆蚜的捕食功能反应符合Holling-Ⅱ型方程,当蚜蛛比小于100时,草皮逍遥蛛的捕食量随着大豆蚜密度增加而上升,日均最大捕食量为49.2头。在田间罩笼条件下,草皮逍遥蛛的日均最大捕食量为84.4头,当蚜蛛比小于50时,草皮逍遥蛛可以对大豆蚜起到较好的控制作用,当蚜蛛比大于50时,草皮逍遥蛛可以将大豆蚜发生高峰期推迟约3 d。草皮逍遥蛛可以对大豆蚜起到较好的生态调控作用,但是当大豆蚜处于"窝子蜜"阶段和之后的上升期和盛期时,需要有瓢虫等其它天敌存在时才能有效控制蚜虫危害。

The predatory function of Philodromus cespitum（ Philodromidae） on soybean aphid was studied in laboratory and field cages,on the basis of investigations on population dynamics of soybean aphid and P. cespitum. Under the lab conditions,the functional response of P. cespitum predating on soybean aphids were fitted to Holling-II model well; when the aphid / spider ratio less than 100,the predatory capacity of P. cespitum increased with increasing prey density; the daily maximum predatory capacity was 49. 2. Under the caged field conditions,the daily maximum predatory capacity was 84. 4; P. cespitum had a preferable controlling effect on soybean aphid when the aphid / spider ratio was less than 50∶ 1; while the aphid / spider ratio was more than 50∶ 1,the population peaks of soybean aphids will be put off 3 days. It could conclude that P. cespitum could play an important role in the ecological regulation of soybean aphid; however,P. cespitum could not control soybean aphids efficiently without other natural enemies while soybean aphids were at stage of concentrated aphids,and the following rising and peak stages.