全程健康教育对2型糖尿病患者血糖控制效果及自我效能的影响

目的探讨2型糖尿病患者(T 2DM)实施全程健康教育对血糖控制水平及自我效能的影响。方法选择82例2型糖尿病患者,随机分为观察组(n=40)与对照组(n=42)。对照组实施基础药物治疗+常规健康教育方法,观察组实施基础药物治疗+全程健康教育模式。在2组T 2DM患者门诊就诊时、出院后6个月时分别检测FBG、2 h BG、Hb A1c以及采用糖尿病自我效能量表进行自我效能量评分。结果实施全程健康教育的观察组在出院后6个月时的血糖控制指标FBG、2 h BG、Hb Alc均低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组T 2DM患者在实施全程健康教育后,自我效能6个维度评分及总分均显著高于实施健康教育前(P<0.001);观察组T 2DM患者在出院后6个月时的自我效能评分,除足部护理维度评分外,其余饮食控制、规律锻炼、遵医嘱服药、血糖监测、高低血糖处置5个维度评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.001)。结论全程健康教育作为DM教育的模式之一,能使T 2DM患者的FBG、2 h BG、Hb Alc等指标得到有效控制;全程健康教育的实施能够提高T 2DM患者的自我管理能力,对提高自我效能具有积极的作用。

Objective To discuss the influence of whole course health education mode on type 2 diabetes patients＇ blood glucose control and self-efficacy. Methods Choose type 2 diabetic patients 82 cases who were randomly divided into 2 groups： observation group 40 cases with whole course health education mode, 42 cases in the control group with the conventional education modefor 6 months. To observe the changes of blood glucose, hemoglobin Ale and the score of self-efficacy in patients with two different intervention mode in 6 months after discharge. Results The indicators of blood glucose control （FBG, 2 hBG, HbA;c） in observation group were significantly better than that in the control group in 6 months after discharge （P〈0.05）. Self-efficacy of observation group cases was obviously improved after implementation of whole course health education （P〈0.001）. The scores of self-efficacy in observation group were higher than that in control group except foot care dimension in 6 months after discharge, （P〈0.001）. Conclusion The whole course health education can improve the indicators of blood glucose control in T 2DM patients, make self-management more effective and play an important role in improving the patients＇ state of health and quality of life.