摘要
近视眼是目前最普遍的视觉问题,严重影响个人生活质量.高度近视眼可造成白内障、青光眼、视网膜脱离、脉络膜新生血管形成及近视性黄斑病变等并发症.以人群为基础的流行病学调查显示,尽管不同种族和地域的近视眼患病率存在较大差异,但其流行程度近年来普遍加重,尤其是较富裕地区以及东亚的工业化地区.近视眼的环境危险因素与社会经济地位以及生活方式相关这一观点已得到证实.过去十年,对近视眼的分子生物学机制有了进一步了解,进一步证实了遗传因素和环境因素相互作用导致近视眼的发生.
Myopia is the most common cause of correctable visual impairment,which affect the individual＆#39; s quality of life seriously.Higher myopia is associated with comorbidities that increase risks of severe and irreversible loss of vision,such as cataract,glaucoma,retinal detachment,subretinal neovascularization,and myopic macular degeneration.Population-based epidemiological surveys show that although the prevalence of myopia of different ethnic and regional differences have a big difference,the prevalence of myopia generally increases in recent years.The problem is particularly pronounced in affluent,industrialized areas of east Asia.Environmental risk factors for myopia related to socioeconomic status and lifestyle have been identified.In the past decade a greater understanding of the molecular biological mechanisms that determine refractive error has been taken,giving further support to the belief that myopia is the result of a complex interaction between genetic predisposition and environmental exposures.
出处
《国际眼科纵览》
2015年第3期175-179,共5页
International Review of Ophthalmology
基金
基金项目：首都医学发展专项基金（首发2011-1016-01）
国家科技支撑计划课题（2013BAH19F04）
