浅析新《环境保护法》按日计罚制度中的责令改正

A Study on Mandate to Modify During the Limited Period in the System of Continuing Daily Penalty in the New Environmental Protection Law

新《环境保护法》中明确纳入了按日计罚制度,条文中出现的"责令改正"是一种行政命令。相较于其他行政手段而言,责令改正具有教育性、恢复性等特点,是一种相对温和的行政手段。我国新确立的按日计罚制度具备执行罚的性质,责令改正是按日计罚决定作出前的缓冲程序,按日处罚是使责令改正得以有效执行的保障措施。执行罚式的按日处罚使企业面临巨额违法成本的风险增大,最大程度缓解了企业不执行责令改正命令的尴尬局面,促进了地方环境法治建设的完善。

The new Environmental Protection Law has adopted the system of continuing daily penalty expressly,the mandating to modify during the limited period is a kind of administrative order.Comparing to the other administrative means, it is educative and restorative, and also belongs to a relatively mild administrative means.The newly established continuing daily penalty has the nature of pecuniary sanction for specific performance, mandating to modify during the limited period is a buffering procedure before the continuing daily penalty decision,and continuing daily penalty ensures the enforcement of mandating to modify during the limited period.Under the Continuing daily penalty,enterprises face the increasing risk of huge costs.The system relieves the embarrassing situation that enterprises refuse to enforce the administrative order and promotes the improvement of the local environmental regulation.