日粮代谢能和粗纤维水平对0～4周龄肉鹅生产性能及血清生化指标的影响

Effects of energy and crude fiber level on production performance and blood biochemical index of meat geese aged from 0 to 4 weeks

本试验采用270只1日龄国家级水禽基因库（江苏泰州）的苏牧白鹅为研究对象,设9个处理组,每个处理5个重复,每个重复3公3母,分栏饲养28天,研究不同代谢能水平（10.8、11.8、12.8 MJ/kg）和粗纤维水平（3.5%、5.5%和7.5%）对0-4周龄肉鹅生产性能及血液生化指标的影响。结果表明：采食代谢能水平为11.8 MJ/kg和粗纤维水平为3.5%日粮的第4组试验鹅在育雏结束时日增重极显著地高于采食中高代谢能和粗纤维水平日粮的第3、5、6、8、9组（P〈0.01）,料重比则极显著的低于第5、6、8、9组（P〈0.01）,而日采食量差异不显著（P〉0.05）;日粮代谢能和粗纤维水平对试验鹅血清中总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、谷丙转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、尿素氮、尿酸、甘油三酯和葡萄糖含量有显著（P〈0.05）或极显著（P〈0.01）的影响,而对谷草转氨酶和总胆固醇含量影响不显著（P〉0.05）,代谢能对试验鹅血液中总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白和谷丙转氨酶含量的影响均大于互作和粗纤维的影响（P〉0.05）,3种因素对谷草转氨酶（P〉0.05）、尿酸（P〈0.05）、碱性磷酸酶和甘油三酯（P〈0.01）的影响表现为互作〉代谢能〉粗纤维,对尿素氮（P〈0.01）、总胆固醇和葡萄糖（P〉0.05）的影响则表现为粗纤维〉代谢能〉互作,随着代谢能和粗纤维水平的升高,试验鹅血液中的甘油三酯和总胆固醇含量呈现出逐渐下降和上升的趋势,且尿酸、甘油三酯和总胆固醇都与葡萄糖间呈现出极显著的正相关关系（P〈0.01）。

This test used 270one-day-old Sumu white geese provided by the national waterfowl gene pool（Taizhou in Jiangsu）as the research object,set up nine treatment groups,each treatment group sets five repetition six geese of each（half male and half female）,feed them subfield for28 days.Study the influence of different levels of metabolizable energy（10.8,11.8and 12.8MJ/kg）and crude fiber level（3.5%,5.5% and 7.5%）on the production performance and blood biochemical indexes of Sumu white geese aged from 0to 28.The results showed that the metabolizable energy intake level is 11.8MJ/kg and crude fiber level is 3.5%,at the end of brooding in the fourth group,their daily weight gain are significantly higher than the 3rd,5th,6th,8th and 9th group feeding on high levels of metabolizable energy and crude fiber ration（P〈0.01）,feed conversion ratio is significantly lower than the 5th,6th,8th and 9th group（P〈0.01）,but daily feed intake is not significant（P〉0.05）;further increase of dietary energy and crude fiber exhibitsed significant effect on serum indexes including total protein,albumin,and globulin,alanine aminotransferase,alkaline phosphatase,urea nitrogen,uric acid,triglycerides and glucose（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）,but no significant effects on aspartate aminotransferase and total cholesterol（P〈0.05）.The influence of metabolizable energy on total protein,albumin,globulin and alanine aminotransferase contents in the blood of testing geese is greater than those of interaction and crude fiber（P〉0.05）.The influence value size of three factors on aspartate aminotransferase（P〈0.05）,uric acid（P〈0.05）,alkaline phosphatase and triglycerides（P〈0.01）was interaction metabolizable energy crude fiber.The influence value size of three factors on urea nitrogen（P〈0.01）,total cholesteroland glucose（P〈0.05）was crude fiber〉metabolizable energy〉interaction.With the increase of metabolizable energy and crude fiber level,the triglyceride and total cholesterol level in the blood of testing geese decreased gradually and increased gradually respectively,and there was very significant positive correlation between uric acid,triglycerides and total cholesterol and glucose（P〈0.01）.