不同类型稻农保护性耕作技术采纳行为影响因素实证研究--基于湖北、江苏稻农的调查数据

Empirical analysis of influencing factors of the adoption of the conservation tillage technology by different types of rice farms: Case study of rice farms in Hubei and Jiangsu Provinces

探索稻农保护性耕作技术采纳行为影响因素,对于促进保护性耕作技术推广应用,增加农民收入,促进农业可持续发展,保障我国粮食安全具有重要意义。基于湖北省传统散户和江苏省种稻大户的调查数据,运用二元Probit模型,分析两类稻农保护性耕作技术采纳行为的影响因素及其异同。结果表明,影响传统散户采纳保护性耕作技术的因素分别是性别、受教育程度、家庭人口数、家庭人均年收入、现有住房价值、是否参加农业技术培训,影响种稻大户采纳保护性耕作技术的因素分别是受教育程度、水稻种植面积、家庭人均年收入、是否提供机械补贴、是否参加农业技术培训、土地流转。其中,受教育程度、家庭人均年收入、是否参加农业技术培训是共同的影响因素,性别、家庭人口数、现有住房价值只影响前者保护性耕作技术采纳行为,水稻种植面积、是否提供机械补贴、土地流转只影响后者保护性耕作技术采纳行为。在此基础上提出了提高两类稻农的受教育程度;促进两类稻农积极参与农业技术培训;在推广保护性耕作技术时应将传统散户中的男性稻农作为先行推广目标,坚定不移地对种稻大户提供农业机械补贴;审慎推进农村土地流转等具体措施。

Exploring the influencing factors of the adoption of the conservation tillage technology by rice farms is of great significance of encouraging the popularization and application of conservation tillage technology, increasing farmers＇ income, promoting the sustainable development of agriculture, and ensuring the food safety in China. Based on the survey data of small rice farms in Hubei Province and large scale rice farms in Jiangsu Province, using the Bivariate Probit model this paper analyzed the influencing factors of the adoption of the conservation tillage technology by two types office farms and their similarities and differences. Results show that 1） factors affecting small rice farms to adopt the conservation tillage technology are farmers＇ gender, level of education, family population, family income per head, the existing house value, and whether to participate in agricultural technology training; 2） factors affecting large scale rice farms to adopt the conservation tillage technology are farmers＇ level of education, rice planting area, family income per head, whether to provide mechanical subsidy, whether to participate in agricultural technology training, and land circulation; 3） the level of education, family income per head, and whether to participate in agricultural technology training are the common influencing factors for both types; while household head gender, family population, the existing house value only affect small rice farms and rice planting area, whether to provide mechanical subsidy, land circulation only affect large scale farms. This research provides the following policy suggestions： 1） to improve the level of education of both types of rice farmers, 2） to promote the participation in agricultural technology training for both types of rice farmers; 3） to target the male rice farmers as the priority in the promotion of conservation tillage technology adoption for those small rice farms; 4） to provide agricultural machinery subsidies to large rice farms; and 5） to carefully promote rural land circulation.