压缩式垃圾车滑板结构的载荷模型与结构优化

Load model and optimal design on sliding board of compacting waste truck

滑板是压缩式垃圾车的主要运动部件,滑板载荷对滑板结构精确计算十分重要。文中在分析了滑板动态应力试验数据的基础上,提出了滑板工作过程的危险工况,并建立了该工况下的滑板载荷模型。在此基础上,基于变密度法以滑板应变能为目标、滑板质量为约束条件,对滑板进行了拓扑优化;以滑板板厚为设计变量,对其进行尺寸参数优化,从而确定了滑板的最终设计方案。经验证,该结构在原方案的基础上减重20.5%,且有效地改善了力传递特性,消除了应力集中现象。

Sliding board is a crucial part of compacting waste truck,and the load of sliding board is an essential factor for sliding board analysis. On the basis of analysis on stress test of sliding board,the dangerous working sitiation of sliding board and its load model are presented. With its strain energy as object,mass as constraint,thicknesses as design variables,this paper conducted a topology optimization of sliding board using solid isotropic material with penalization（SIMP）. The result of numerical test shows that the optimized design reduces 20.5% mass compared with original design and also eliminates stress concentration so as to improve the stress transfer performance of board.