限食疗法治疗代谢性疾病的年度进展

Update in calorie restriction therapy in metabolic disease

20世纪初，限食疗法被用于治疗肥胖和2型糖尿病。经历了100多年的发展，它在形式、适应证、疗效、安全性等方面都有了飞跃性的进展，但同时也产生诸多争议，如间断限食与每日限食的差异．限制营养素组份与限制热量有何区别，哪种限食方案效果更优等。因此，高质量的循证医学依据是未来限食研究的重点，制定灵活的个体化限食方案是最终目标。此外，限食模拟剂正成为近年研究的热点。

Calorie restriction has been in use since 1900s as a therapy for obesity and type 2 diabetes. There are many modifications and progress in the forms, indications, effects, and safety of calorie restriction following a history over 100 years. However, controversies also arise such as the effect between intermittent calorie restriction vs daily calorie restriction, low fat diet vs low carbohydrate diet and low calorie diet. Therefore, more evidence-based data from high quality studies as RCT trials are needed for determining the optimal individualized calorie restriction regimen. Furthermore, calorie restriction mimetics is recently becoming an exciting research field for scientists and companies.