搅拌摩擦焊AA7075-T651铝合金厚板的显微组织和力学性能（英文）

Microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded AA7075-T651 aluminum alloy thick plates

研究厚度为10和16 mm AA7075-T651板的搅拌摩擦焊接过程。通过仔细选择焊接过程参数可获得无缺陷、全渗透焊接样品。两种焊接接头都出现极细的再结晶粒,而10 mm厚板焊接接头的晶粒组织更细。试样的显微组织观察结果表明,焊件热影响区的硬度显著降低。16 mm厚合金板焊接接头的硬度降低较大。与16 mm厚合金板相比,10 mm厚合金板焊件具有较优的拉伸性能。在拉伸实验过程中,两种厚度的合金板焊件均在热影响区发生断裂。样品的TEM结果表明,热影响区由沿晶界的宽化无沉积区和晶体内沉淀的部分溶解组成。因此,采用搅拌摩擦焊在AA7075-T651上可制得单道次无缺陷焊件,且10 mm厚合金板焊件表现出较高的焊接效率。

Friction stir butt welding of AA7075-T651 plates with thicknesses of 10 and 16 mm was investigated. Defect-free, full- penetration welds were obtained after careful process parameter selection. While the nuggets in both welds exhibited very fine reerystallized grains, and finer grains were observed in welds made on 10 mm thick plates. Microhardness surveys revealed that significant loss in hardness occurs in the heat-affected zone. The reduction in hardness due to the welding process is higher in the case of welds made on 16 mm thick plates. Welds made on 10 mm thick plates exhibited superior tensile properties compared with those made on 16 mm thick plates. Fracture during tensile test occurred in the heat-affected zone in both cases. TEM images of specimens revealed that the heat-affected zone consisted of widened precipitate-free zones along grain boundaries and partial dissolution of precipitates in the grain interiors. It is concluded that defect-free single pass welds can be made on AA7075-T651 thick plates using friction stir welding and the welds made on 10 mm thick plates exhibit high joint efficiency.