20世纪戏曲艺术的本位传播

Standard Spread of Opera Art in 20^(th) Century

20世纪戏曲艺术的本位传播是指以某一戏曲剧目的舞台表演艺术为具体传播对象的传播。本位传播具有两个特点:一是一个剧目的完整的舞台呈现;二是直接面对观众的现场演出。本位传播可划分为整体传播和分支传播。一方面,戏曲可以以剧目为单位在舞台上完整地传播给观众,这些传播可视为整体传播;另一方面,戏曲可以以剧本、唱段、单出等形式进行传播,这些传播可视为分支传播。在整个20世纪,戏曲艺术的本位传播是把整体传播与分支传播相互结合起来进行的。整体传播是分支传播的讯息源,20世纪戏曲整体传播的业绩主要体现在新编历史剧和现代戏两大方面。在整体传播的基础上,衍生出大量的分支传播。因此,20世纪戏曲的分支传播非常可观,主要表现在剧本、唱段和单出表演三个方面。

Standard spread of opera art in 20th century refers to mainly spreading the stage performance art of one cer- tain play. There are two characteristics for such spreading, one is that it is an integral stage presentation, and the oth- er is that it is a live show directly confronting the audience. Standard spread could be categorized into integral spread and branch spread. When the opera is performed completely to the audience, we call it an integral spread. When sin- gle scene or a selective section is performed, we call it a branch spread. In whole 20^th century, the standard spread of opera was a combination of integral spread and branch spread. The integral spread including newly - adapted histor- ical play and modem opera is the source for branch spread. Based upon the integral spread, a great deal of branch spread derives. Therefore, the branch spread of opera in 20^th century was very considerable, which mainly represent in three aspects： script, selective section, and single scene.