个体特征、认知差异与农户安全用药行为研究

A Study of Individual Characteristics, Cognitive Differences and Safe Use of Pesticides by Farmers

农户安全使用农药,不仅可以促进农业生产、降低环境污染、保证农产品安全供给,同时还可以保护农户身体健康,最终实现农业生产的可持续发展。探讨农户安全用药行为的影响因素对于指导农户安全生产具有重要意义。农户特征、生产特征和认知特征三方面是影响农户用药行为的主要因素。根据实地调查数据,利用结构方程进行实证检验以及理论模型修正,研究表明,农户特征对药中行为有间接影响作用,对药后行为有直接和间接影响作用;生产特征对药中行为和药后行为都只有间接影响作用;农药认知则是直接影响药中行为和药后行为,并且作用最为明显。

To use pesticides safely by farmers can not on ly promote agricultural production, reduce environmental pollution and ensure safe supply of agricultural products, but also protect the health of farmers, and ultimately achieve the sustainable development of agricultural production. Therefore, to explore the factors affecting the safe use of pesticides by farmers is of great significance in guiding the farmers for safe production. Household characteristics, production characteristics and cognitive features are the three main factors affecting the use of pesticides by farmers. Based on the field survey data, this paper makes use of the structural equation to test empirically and correct the theoretical model. The results show that farmer household characteristics have an indirect impact on their behaviors during the use of pesticides and a direct or indirect impact on their behaviors after their use of pesticides. The production characteristics have only an indirect impact during and after their use of pesticides, while pesticides awareness can have direct impact on their behaviors during and after their use of pesticides, and the effects are most obvious.