论服务德育的基本方法及其运用

On the Methods and Application of Service--Oriented Moral Education

服务德育,是指教师采取言传、身教等多种方法,通过课程教学、实践活动、生活交往、管理工作以及环境养育等途径,为学生提供一种持续改进的教育服务,以帮助学习者生成和发展良好的综合道德素质的一种活动和过程。服务德育方法,是指为实现德育目标、达到德育目的,教师依据德育基本原则向学生提供德育服务时所采用的方式、手段与程序的组合。服务德育主要有语言说理、榜样示范、实践锻炼、规范制约、评价激励、情感陶冶六大类方法。正确把握与运用服务德育方法是实施服务德育、提高德育实效的关键。

Service--oriented moral education means, the activities and processes that educators offer their students educational services which are continuously improved, by means of variety of methods such as personal example as well as verbal instruction etc. in curriculum instruction, practice activities, communication in school life, management of school education and environment cultivation, in order to help and promote the students to cultivate good and comprehensive moral fibers. The method of service--oriented moral education is of optimal design of methods and exercise of them effec- tively, the procedures and steps taken by educators in moral educational services offering for the purpose of realization of the object and aims of moral education. And it lies in six types： type of Language reasoning, model demonstration, exer- cise and practice, rules and specification restriction, assessment motivation, emotion cultivation. It is the key to under- stand and use the methods correctly to implement service--oriented moral education.