复数的鸡毛换糖——浙江义乌经验的商业起点与伦理渗透

Plural Trades between Feather and Sugar: The Theoretical Inspiration of Yiwu, Zhejiang Experience

本文通过梳理义乌模式中早期的一个焦点现象即鸡毛换糖,呈现了义乌农民经商过程中商业行动的起点、过程特质及以此为基础形成的文化积淀。由于农民经商的"本钱小",选择了小本买卖"鸡毛换糖";由于进入经营的门槛低、经营者众多、可替代性强,加上农民经商的"家庭副业"定位,形成"薄利"经营;为了规模化、持续经营,而追求"回头客"以实现"多销"。这些特质逐步凝炼成一种"复数行动"的实践习惯和区域文化。复数行动让义乌经营者积累了经济资本、人力资本、社会资本等。现今探讨复数行动在调整商业经营心态,建立常久的、稳定的、可持续的商业互动关系,反对短期行为等方面具有重要的伦理意义。

The phenomenon of exchange between feathers and sugar as a focal point is analyzed in the paper. The order of this paper is to indicate the complex action as the basis for the formation of Yiwu commercial cultural heritage. Those peasant businessmen chose the chicken feather for sugar because of their small capital. Due to the threshold is so low that the management subject is numerous and full substitutability, the low profit is formed with the avocation of household sideline production. For large-scale and continuous operation, the pursuit of repeat is formed to achieve＂turnover＂. Those businessmen of Yiwu accumulated economic capital, human capital, social capital through this pattern of＂complex action＂. Feather trade is so small that it＇s incentive for the pattern of complex action with the characteristics of limited desire and low rationality. The trading customers are so many that it＇s feasible for this pattern. The habit of practice and regional culture is formed in Yiwu. The topic of＂complex action＂is important in ethical for restructuring the mind of commercial operations, for establishing a stable and sustainable commercial order especially in preventing short-term behaviors.