强化与变异:网络社会中的“全景敞视”

Intensify and Mutation: The“Panopticon”in the Cyber Society

本文对网络社会中的"全景敞视"予以分析。互联网技术全面提升了监视的程度,在网络社会中,监视是可见的但又无法确知的,通过自动化、非个人化监视,进一步落实了监视权力的网状分布,开展全方位的监控,并构建了永恒的档案记录,因而一定程度上互联网实现了"完美"的"全景敞视"。在强化、升级的同时,互联网中的"全景敞视"也发生变异,体现为被监视的个人不再相互隔离,监视是扁平化的,检查和档案分离。此外,互联网中的监视方向出现分化,不仅有国家对个人的监视,还有个人对国家的监视以及个人之间的相互监视。不同的监视方向有不同的数据基础,不可等而视之。随着社会生活的网络化,互联网不仅能监视虚拟网络社会,还能监视实在网络社会,而网民在这一潮流中难以脱离,只能谨言慎行。网络社会是否会基于"完美"的"全景敞视"而开展规训,这有待进一步的研究。

This paper analyzes the characteristics of＂Panopticon＂in the cyber society. Internet technology improves the monitoring level. In the cyber society, the monitoring is visible but couldn＇t be ascertained. Through automated and impersonal monitoring, the cyber society realized the reticulated structure of monitoring power, carried out a full range of monitoring, and built permanent records. In this way, the cyber society has realized the＂perfect Panopticon＂. At the same time,＂Panopticon＂in the cyber society also undergoes mutation, the monitored individuals are no longer isolated, monitoring is flatter, examination and file are separated. In addition, the direction of monitoring appears differentiation, and different directions of monitoring have different data foundation. Along with every aspect of the social life has taken place revolutionary changes, the Internet not only can monitor the cyber society, also can monitor the network society. The Internet users can only proceed with caution. Whether cyber society will develop discipline based on＂perfect Panopticon＂, it remains further research.