适用于微小卫星平台的小型可见光相机设计

Optical design of small-sized camera in visible for micro-satellite

现代微小卫星具有体积小、质量轻、研制周期短、成本低、发射方式灵活等优势,可在多个领域发挥重要作用,因此备受各国青睐,是当前空间技术发展的一个重要方向。实现微小卫星的一大关键是所搭载仪器、设备的小型化。设计了一套小型可见光相机,适合搭载于微小卫星平台。相机焦距210 mm,有效口径56 mm,角分辨率33μrad,视场7.8°×7.8°,像素规模达16 M。设计分析对比了不同光学结构型式的特点,最终采用折反射式光学系统。设计采用全球面镜片,选用了融石英和常规火石玻璃等低密度材料组合消像差,系统长度110 mm,摄远比小于0.53,光学质量小于370 g。

Micro-satellite was greatly developed in the past 20 years due to its advantages of small-size,light weight, short developing period, low cost, etc. Now, micro-satellite plays a great role in many realms, such as navigation, communication, earth observation, science research and technology experiments, which make it to be an important part of space technology. To miniaturize, micro-satellite has to be equipped with small-size instruments. A small-sized camera worked in visible band was introduced, which can be installed on micro-satellite. Technical parameters of the camera were as follows ： effective focal length was 210 mm, optical aperture was 56 mm, spatial resolution was 33 μrad,field of view was 7.8° ×7.8°, or 16 M pixels in all. In the design phase, different optical structures were compared, and a catadioptric system was adopt. Fused silica and low density flint glass materials were used to balance chromatic aberration. Total length of optical system was 110 mm, and the ratio between total length and effective focal length was less than 0.53. The weight of all lenses was under 370 g.